{"id":19766,"date":"2012-07-11T14:28:31","date_gmt":"2012-07-11T12:28:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/?p=19766"},"modified":"2012-07-11T14:28:31","modified_gmt":"2012-07-11T12:28:31","slug":"origen-del-maiz-origin-of-maize","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/?p=19766","title":{"rendered":"Origen del ma\u00edz. Origin of maize."},"content":{"rendered":"

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Origen del ma\u00edz. <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Origin of maize.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Vamos a la tertulia del University \u00a0College<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Interviene el moderador<\/strong>: El ma\u00edz (Zea Mays<\/em>) es una planta gram\u00ednea anual, originaria de M\u00e9xico<\/strong>, introducida en Europa durante el siglo XVI, <\/strong>despu\u00e9s de la invasi\u00f3n espa\u00f1ola
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El centro geogr\u00e1fico de origen y dispersi\u00f3n se ubica en el Municipio de Coxcatl\u00e1n<\/a> en el valle de Tehuc\u00e1n, Estado de Puebla<\/a>, en la denominada Mesa Central de M\u00e9xico a 2.500<\/strong> m sobre el nivel del mar. En este lugar el antrop\u00f3logo norteamericano Richard Stockton MacNeish encontr\u00f3 restos arqueol\u00f3gicos de plantas de ma\u00edz que, se estima, datan del 7.000 a. C. <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Teniendo en cuenta que ah\u00ed estuvo el centro de la civilizaci\u00f3n Azteca es<\/strong> l\u00f3gico concluir que el ma\u00edz constituy\u00f3 para los primitivos habitantes una fuente importante de alimentaci\u00f3n<\/strong>. A\u00fan se pueden observar en las galer\u00edas de las pir\u00e1mides (que todav\u00eda se conservan) pinturas, grabados y esculturas que representan al ma\u00edz<\/span><\/p>\n

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M<\/strong>ientras que los cereales del Viejo Mundo tienen variedades silvestres que se preservan en la naturaleza, el ma\u00edz es conocido solamente por la especie cultivada (Zea mays<\/em>)<\/strong>. Desde el siglo pasado diversas teor\u00edas han sido expuestas para explicar el origen y la evoluci\u00f3n del ma\u00edz, la m\u00e1s popular de ellas acepta al teocintle de Chalco (Zea mays ssp mexicana<\/em>) como el antecesor directo del ma\u00edz.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Existen una serie de evidencias sobre la descendencia del ma\u00edz a partir del teocinte<\/strong>:<\/span><\/p>\n

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\n1) Igualdad en el numero de cromosomas<\/strong> (2n=20) y homolog\u00eda cromos\u00f3mica.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\n2) Muchos genes del teocinte est\u00e1n presentes en el ma\u00edz<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\n3) Los cruzamientos entre teocinte y ma\u00edz dan descendencia f\u00e9rtil<\/strong>, en cambio ma\u00edz por tripsacum son est\u00e9riles.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\n4) El teocinte se parece bastante a los mas antiguos ma\u00edces que se tienen registrados<\/strong>: plantas con varios tallos, yemas laterales que desarrollan espigas, espigas peque\u00f1as, etc<\/span><\/p>\n

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Involved moderator.Maize (Zea mays) is an annual grass plant, originally from Mexico, introduced in Europe during the sixteenth century, after the Spanish invasion<\/span><\/p>\n

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The geographic center of origin and dispersal is located in the Municipality of Coxcatlan in the valley of Tehucan, State of Puebla, in the so-called Mesa Central of Mexico at 2,500 m above sea level. In this place the American anthropologist Richard Stockton MacNeish found archaeological remains of maize plants, it is estimated, dating from 7000. C.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Taking into account that there was the center of the Aztec civilization it is logical to conclude that the corn was for the primitive inhabitants an important source of food. You can still see in the galleries of the pyramids (that are still preserved) paintings, engravings and sculptures that represent the corn<\/span><\/p>\n

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While grains of the Old World have wild varieties that are preserved in the nature, the corn is known only by the species cultivated (Zea mays). Since the last century various theories have been put forward to explain the origin and evolution of the maize, the most popular of them accept the Chalco teosinte (Zea mays ssp. mexican) as the direct ancestor of maize.<\/span><\/p>\n

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There are some evidences of the progeny of maize from teosinte: 1) Equal number of chromosomes (2n = 20) and chromosomal homology. 2) Many of teosinte genes are present in maize. 3) The crosses between teosinte and maize are fertile offspring, however maize Tripsacum are sterile. 4) Teosinte closely resembles the oldest corn that have registered: plants with several stems, lateral buds that develop spikes,<\/span><\/p>\n

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Recogemos algunas partes del art\u00edculo de Investigaci\u00f3n y CIENCIA .Octubre 1986,a modo de resumen<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


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Tweet………… Origen del ma\u00edz. . . . Origin of maize. \u2026\u2026\u2026 Vamos a la tertulia del University \u00a0College .. . Etnopaisaje.com \u2026. \u2026 … Interviene el moderador: El ma\u00edz (Zea Mays) es una planta gram\u00ednea anual, originaria de M\u00e9xico, introducida en Europa durante el siglo XVI, despu\u00e9s de la invasi\u00f3n espa\u00f1ola .. . El centro […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19766","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-etnopaisaje"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19766","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=19766"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19766\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19792,"href":"https:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19766\/revisions\/19792"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=19766"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=19766"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=19766"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}