{"id":19735,"date":"2012-07-09T18:36:15","date_gmt":"2012-07-09T16:36:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/?p=19735"},"modified":"2012-07-09T18:36:15","modified_gmt":"2012-07-09T16:36:15","slug":"una-tierra-dada-en-arrendamiento-a-land-leased","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/?p=19735","title":{"rendered":"Una tierra dada en arrendamiento. A land leased"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/twitter.com\/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.floracantabrica.com%2F%3Fp%3D19735&amp;count=none&amp;lang=es&amp;via=lorencincoreses&amp;related=Mujerverdosa&amp;text=Una tierra dada en arrendamiento. A land leased - Flora Cant\u00e1brica\" class=\"twitter-share-button\">Tweet<\/a><\/p><p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Una tierra dada en arrendamiento. A land leased<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Un mundo de <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-19736\" title=\"image002\" src=\"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/image0027.gif\" alt=\"image002\" width=\"592\" height=\"121\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/image0027.gif 592w, https:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/image0027-300x61.gif 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 592px) 100vw, 592px\" \/><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026..<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\"><strong>Vol. 10, No. 2<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\"><strong>&#8230;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\"><strong>.<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\">Abril\u2013Junio 2012.Unesc<\/span><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\">o<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026\u2026..<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>ENTREVISTA a <\/strong> Madiodio Niasse<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Etnopaisaje.com<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-19742\" title=\"image002\" src=\"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/image0028.gif\" alt=\"image002\" width=\"732\" height=\"549\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/image0028.gif 732w, https:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/image0028-300x225.gif 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 732px) 100vw, 732px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Nos dice <strong>Jacques Diouf, ex Director General de la FAO:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026..<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u00abUna tierra dada en arrendamiento<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>por 99 a\u00f1os es una tierra casi perdida para siempre\u00bb<\/strong><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026..<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Desde Sud\u00e1n hasta el Pac\u00edfico Sur, la ruta que conduce a la adquisici\u00f3n de las tierras agr\u00edcolas est\u00e1 abierta. <strong>Se observa una tendencia creciente de los inversionistas extranjeros a adquirir vastas superficies de tierras agr\u00edcolas <\/strong>para alimentar a las poblaciones de sus propios pa\u00edses y producir biocombustibles. Jacques Diouf, ex Director General de la FAO, evoc\u00f3 un riesgo de neo-colonialismo agrario. \u00bf<strong>En qu\u00e9 medida este fen\u00f3meno representa una amenaza para la soberan\u00eda nacional<\/strong> y c\u00f3mo podemos evitar los excesos? .<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Hablamos con Madiodio Niasse,<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Director de la Coalici\u00f3n Internacional para el Acceso a la Tierra<\/strong>, con sede en Roma (Italia), y uno de los redactores del Cuarto Informe sobre el Desarrollo de los Recursos H\u00eddricos en el Mundo.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">..<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\"><strong>Resumen de la entrevista<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Los gobiernos que ceden grandes extensiones de<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>tierras cultivables a los extranjeros, \u00bflas venden la mayor\u00eda<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>de las veces o las alquilan?<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026..<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>La mayor\u00eda de las veces, las alquilan<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026..<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">El nuevo destinatario de la tierra debe por lo tanto desde<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">ese momento, <strong>invertir en las infraestructuras de control del agua y la<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>irrigaci\u00f3n, las rutas,<\/strong> instalaciones de almacenamiento, etc. Esto est\u00e1<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">m\u00e1s o menos expl\u00edcito en el acuerdo concluido entre el Estado y el<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">inversionista, llamado concesionario. <strong>La duraci\u00f3n de las concesiones,<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>que var\u00eda de 15 a 99 a\u00f1os, a menudo es renovable<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026..<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Una tierra dada en <strong>arrendamiento por 99 a\u00f1os<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">es una tierra <strong>casi perdida<\/strong> para siempre<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026..<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Por esto es que los gobiernos <strong>nunca deber\u00edan tomar a la ligera la<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>venta de tierras <\/strong>ni su atribuci\u00f3n en concesi\u00f3n. Por desgracia, este<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">consejo tiene grandes posibilidades de que caiga en o\u00eddos sordos, ya<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">que muchas adquisiciones de tierras a gran escala se llevan a cabo en<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">los pa\u00edses donde la gobernabilidad es muy d\u00e9bil.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Se desprende de la<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">lectura de un estudio realizado por el Banco Mundial4 de 2011 sobre<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">este fen\u00f3meno, que <strong>cuanto m\u00e1s d\u00e9bil es el gobierno, m\u00e1s atractivo es el<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>pa\u00eds para estos inversionistas extranjeros a gran escala<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Esto significa<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>que la corrupci\u00f3n, las comisiones, el desalojo ilegal de los propietarios<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>tradicionales y la violencia contra las comunidades son comunes<\/strong> en el<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">fen\u00f3meno actual de adquisici\u00f3n de tierras a gran escala.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026..<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u00bfPuede citar casos en que la adquisici\u00f3n de tierras por<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>parte de los extranjeros haya da\u00f1ado el medio ambiente<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>o de lo contrario penalizado a la poblaci\u00f3n local?<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026.<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Otro impacto que se manifiesta muy <strong>temprano es el de arrebatarle<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>la tierra y del desplazamiento forzoso de los peque\u00f1os agricultores<\/strong>,<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">de los pastores y de las poblaciones ind\u00edgenas.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026..<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Seg\u00fan el Oakland<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Institute5 de los Estados Unidos, el plan de inversiones previsto por<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">la empresa norteamericana Agrisol Energy para 325 000 hect\u00e1reas<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>de tierra en Tanzania deber\u00eda desplazar m\u00e1s de 160 000 personas<\/strong>, lo<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">que plantea problemas extremadamente complejos de reasentamiento.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Las concesiones a gran escala de tierras generan frecuentemente una<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>especie de \u00abmaldici\u00f3n\u00bb vinculada a la planificaci\u00f3n<\/strong> (planning blight<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">effect, \u00abefecto asolador de la planificaci\u00f3n\u00bb), debido a <strong>sus efectos<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>mort\u00edferos en la estructura social y las actividades econ\u00f3micas<\/strong> en las<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">zonas afectadas tan pronto como es tomada la decisi\u00f3n de entrega de<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">las tierras, o desde el comienzo de las negociaciones entre el gobierno<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">y los inversionistas interesados.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Las consecuencias previsibles son: <strong>la conversi\u00f3n de bosques en<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>terrenos agr\u00edcolas, la p\u00e9rdida de diversidad biol\u00f3gica provocada<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>por el monocultivo, el uso masivo de fertilizantes qu\u00edmicos,<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>pesticidas y herbicidas, una extracci\u00f3n de agua insostenible a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>largo plazo y <\/strong>los riesgos de conflictos por el uso del agua con las<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">comunidades locales y Estados vecinos que comparten los mismos<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">sistemas fluviales transfronterizos.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Etiop\u00eda ha vendido m\u00e1s de 1 mill\u00f3n de hect\u00e1reas de<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>tierras f\u00e9rtiles a los inversionistas de la India, Arabia<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Saudita y otros pa\u00edses, lo que ha desplazado a decenas<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>de miles<\/strong><strong>6 <\/strong><strong>de peque\u00f1os campesinos. El gobierno<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>argumenta que los inversionistas van a producir m\u00e1s<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>alimentos, que no todos van a ser exportados.<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026..<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u00bfQu\u00e9 piensa usted?<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026..<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Tengo que reconocer que Etiop\u00eda, al igual que muchos otros pa\u00edses<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">subsaharianos, incluido el m\u00edo, el Senegal, tienen graves problemas<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">de desarrollo. <strong>Los cultivos de subsistencia familiar, columna vertebral<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>de la econom\u00eda rural de Etiop\u00eda, dependen principalmente de<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>la lluvia, ya que s\u00f3lo el 10% de las tierras de cereales son irrigadas<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Esta <strong>agricultura es por consiguiente altamente vulnerable<\/strong> a la variabilidad<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">y al cambio clim\u00e1tico. El frecuente d\u00e9ficit de precipitaciones<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">ha provocado en los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os graves sequ\u00edas y hambrunas.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Etiop\u00eda es el mayor receptor de ayuda alimentaria del mundo.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Creo que cualquier gobierno responsable ante tal problema se<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">ve obligado a actuar. Pero los gobiernos tienen varias opciones.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Parece que el gobierno et\u00edope <strong>ha preferido apostar por estas<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>concesiones a gran escala de tierras agr\u00edcolas f\u00e9rtiles cedidas a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>los inversionistas extranjeros. <\/strong>Esta opci\u00f3n es arriesgada, ya que<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">no hay ninguna garant\u00eda todav\u00eda de que los beneficios esperados<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">de la infraestructura rural, los empleos y la contribuci\u00f3n a las<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">necesidades nacionales de alimentos se materializar\u00e1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026..<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Una opci\u00f3n menos aventurada, pero a\u00fan poco explorada es que el<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>gobierno invierta en la modernizaci\u00f3n de la agricultura familiar<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u00bfC\u00f3mo la poblaci\u00f3n aut\u00f3ctona puede hacer valer sus<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>derechos sobre la tierra, sin t\u00edtulos de propiedad?<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026..<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 podemos hacer? En primer lugar, <strong>obligar a los gobiernos<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>a reconocer como pueblos ind\u00edgenas todas las comunidades que<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>respondan a los criterios que las definan seg\u00fan el derecho internacional<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>En segundo lugar, promover el respeto integral de las<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>disposiciones relativas a la tierra de la Convenci\u00f3n 169 de la OIT<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">(Organizaci\u00f3n Internacional del Trabajo) Sobre los Derechos de los<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Pueblos Ind\u00edgenas y Tribales, particularmente el principio general<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">de que <strong>los pueblos ind\u00edgenas no deben ser expulsados de las tierras<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>que ocupan <\/strong>y, en los casos excepcionales en que se ha considerado<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">la reubicaci\u00f3n, la cuesti\u00f3n debe ser condicionada a su consentimiento<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">previo, libre y avisado.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tweet&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;. Una tierra dada en arrendamiento. A land leased \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026. Un mundo de &#8230;&#8230;&#8230; &#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.. \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.. Vol. 10, No. 2 &#8230; . Abril\u2013Junio 2012.Unesco \u2026\u2026\u2026.. \u2026\u2026. ENTREVISTA a Madiodio Niasse \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026 Etnopaisaje.com \u2026 \u2026 \u2026\u2026\u2026. Nos dice Jacques Diouf, ex Director General de la FAO: \u2026 \u2026.. \u00abUna tierra dada en arrendamiento por 99 a\u00f1os [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19735","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-etnopaisaje"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19735","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=19735"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19735\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19745,"href":"https:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19735\/revisions\/19745"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=19735"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=19735"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=19735"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}