{"id":29082,"date":"2014-08-11T12:46:21","date_gmt":"2014-08-11T10:46:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/?p=29082"},"modified":"2014-08-11T12:46:21","modified_gmt":"2014-08-11T10:46:21","slug":"por-que-moscu-ha-elegido-la-agricultura-para-sancionar-a-europa-por-que-moscu-ha-elegido-la-agricultura-para-sancionar-a-europa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/?p=29082","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 Mosc\u00fa ha elegido la agricultura para sancionar a Europa?.\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 Mosc\u00fa ha elegido la agricultura para sancionar a Europa?"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 Mosc\u00fa ha elegido la agricultura para sancionar a Europa?<\/span><\/strong>
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Why has Moscow chosen agriculture to punish Europe?<\/span><\/p>\n

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\nRT Actualidad \/ Econom\u00eda<\/span><\/strong>
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\nEtnopaisaje.com + dibujos <\/strong><\/span>
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\nLa prohibici\u00f3n de las importaciones de alimentos occidentales ha sido la primera respuesta seria de Rusia a las sanciones en su contra. Algunos expertos creen que es un poderoso argumento econ\u00f3mico y la decisi\u00f3n m\u00e1s meditada posible de Mosc\u00fa.<\/span>
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\n\u00abEste argumento es realmente bastante impresionante\u00bb, afirma el polit\u00f3logo Maxim Samor\u00fakov en un art\u00edculo publicado en el portal Slon. En 2013, la Uni\u00f3n Europea export\u00f3 alimentos a Rusia por valor de 10.500 millones de euros. Rusia es el segundo mercado de exportaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s importante para el sector agr\u00edcola europeo despu\u00e9s de EE.UU.<\/span>
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No obstante, aunque esa suma parezca considerable, la comida hace ya tiempo que dej\u00f3 de ser un componente importante del comercio internacional, incluida la balanza entre la Uni\u00f3n Europea y Rusia. La participaci\u00f3n de las exportaciones de alimentos a Rusia en las exportaciones totales de la Uni\u00f3n Europea es tan solo del 0,6%. Al parecer, el Kremlin podr\u00eda haber encontrado otro m\u00e9todo capaz de causar da\u00f1os mucho m\u00e1s graves en la econom\u00eda comunitaria. Pero las autoridades rusas han elegido la comida, y esa elecci\u00f3n es la m\u00e1s correcta desde el punto de vista de la pol\u00edtica europea, opina Samor\u00fakov. <\/span>
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\nAgricultores, fuerza influyente en toda la Uni\u00f3n Europea<\/span><\/strong>
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En la nueva confrontaci\u00f3n econ\u00f3mica entre Rusia y Europa el volumen de los da\u00f1os causados por la prohibici\u00f3n no es tan importante. Lo que s\u00ed es importante es a qui\u00e9n va a afectar primero esa medida. La prohibici\u00f3n de las exportaciones de alimentos va afectar principalmente a los agricultores europeos, y es el grupo casi m\u00e1s vulnerable, inquieto y pol\u00edticamente influyente en Europa. <\/span><\/strong>
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\nLa cantidad de agricultores en Europa es desproporcionadamente grande en comparaci\u00f3n con su contribuci\u00f3n a la econom\u00eda <\/span>
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\u00abEn primer lugar, la cantidad de agricultores en Europa es desproporcionadamente grande en comparaci\u00f3n con su contribuci\u00f3n a la econom\u00eda\u00bb, indica Samor\u00fakov. Casi en todos los pa\u00edses del bloque la participaci\u00f3n del sector agropecuario en el sistema de empleo es mucho mayor que su participaci\u00f3n en el PIB. <\/span>
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\u00abPor lo tanto, aunque las p\u00e9rdidas reales de la prohibici\u00f3n rusa para el sector agr\u00edcola, por ejemplo, de Portugal o Grecia pueden estimarse en solo unos pocos millones de euros, la ola de descontento va a extenderse entre cientos de miles de campesinos griegos y portugueses\u00bb, destac\u00f3 el experto. <\/span>
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En segundo lugar, los agricultores trabajan en una industria muy conservadora que no puede reconstruirse r\u00e1pidamente. Si la demanda de los productos de los agricultores de repente empieza a caer, no pueden simplemente abandonar sus campos e ir a buscar otro trabajo. Adem\u00e1s, el cambio de un tipo de cultivo a otro puede tardar varios a\u00f1os y durante todo ese tiempo el agricultor tendr\u00e1 tambi\u00e9n que ganarse la vida. <\/span><\/strong>
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Por esas razones, los agricultores en Europa son un grupo muy organizado, \u00abcon una amplia experiencia en el cabildeo<\/strong> y el h\u00e1bito de organizar manifestaciones mutitudinarias y violentas ante la menor amenaza para su bienestar\u00bb, seg\u00fan afirma Samor\u00fakov.<\/span>
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Los europeos que no tengan ninguna relaci\u00f3n con el sector agr\u00edcola sin duda recibir\u00e1n ese tipo de manifestaciones con comprensi\u00f3n y simpat\u00eda, ya que se habla de un asunto que es importante para todos, la comida. Por ello, cualquier pol\u00edtico europeo que ofenda a los agricultores no solo est\u00e1 bajo la amenaza de perder directamente a sus electores, sino tambi\u00e9n el apoyo de muchos otros europeos que est\u00e1n seguros de que se puede ofender a cualquiera menos a los agricultores.<\/span>
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\nLa Uni\u00f3n Europea, urgencia de una reforma agraria <\/span>
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Debido a esas tendencias, las autoridades de la Uni\u00f3n Europea llevan dos d\u00e9cadas estudiando posibles reformas de su pol\u00edtica agraria. En el presupuesto de los 28, los subsidios agr\u00edcolas suponen casi la mitad de todo el gasto. El sistema agrario de Europa tambi\u00e9n se enfrentar\u00e1 pronto al flujo de los agricultores del este, donde est\u00e1n a punto de acabar los ‘periodos de transici\u00f3n’ en los que recib\u00edan solo una peque\u00f1a parte de la ayuda que tienen sus colegas occidentales. Es posible que el presupuesto europeo no pueda superar esa carga, opina Samor\u00fakov.<\/span>
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El experto cree que la prohibici\u00f3n rusa de alimentos de Europa parece haber sido introducida con la esperanza de aprovechar estas dificultades del sector agr\u00edcola de la uni\u00f3n y tratar de dividir la posici\u00f3n com\u00fan antirrusa del bloque. Por ejemplo, los pa\u00edses del sur de Europa no aceptaron las sanciones contra Rusia con mucho entusiasmo y se unieron a las mismas con el \u00fanico fin de no traicionar la solidaridad europea. Como resultado, la imposici\u00f3n de las sanciones puede ahora significar para ellos p\u00e9rdidas tangibles en una agricultura ya problem\u00e1tica. <\/span>
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Por lo tanto, Samor\u00fakov concluye que el impacto en la agricultura ha sido la mejor opci\u00f3n posible en cuanto a proporci\u00f3n de p\u00e9rdidas y el efecto. Adem\u00e1s, con esta medida el Kremlin insiste en que Europa deje de obedecer incuestionablemente a EE.UU. y d\u00e9 pasos hacia la mejora de las relaciones con Rusia. <\/span>
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Western food imports ban has been the first serious response of Russia to the sanctions against her. Some experts believe that it is a powerful economic argument and the most thought-out decision possible in Moscow.<\/span>
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\u00abThis argument is really quite impressive,\u00bb says political scientist Maxim Samor\u00fakov in an article published on the portal Slon. In 2013, the EU exported food to Russia worth 10,500 million euros. Russia is the second largest export market more important for the European agricultural sector after EE.UU.<\/span>
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However, although this sum seems considerable, food is already time that ceased to be an important component of international trade, including the balance between the European Union and Russia. The participation of food exports to Russia in the total exports of the European Union is only 0.6%. Apparently, the Kremlin could have found another method that is capable of much more serious damage to the EU economy. But the Russian authorities have chosen the food, and that choice is most correct from the point of view of European policy, thinks Samorukov.<\/span>
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\nFarmers, influential force in all of the European Union<\/span>
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\nIn the new economic confrontation between Russia and Europe the volume of damage caused by the ban is not so important. What is important is who will first affect that measure. The ban on food exports will mainly affect European farmers, and is almost more vulnerable group, restless and politically influential in Europe.<\/span>
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\nThe number of farmers in Europe is disproportionately large compared with their contribution to the economy<\/span>
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\u00abFirst of all, the number of farmers in Europe is disproportionately large in comparison with their contribution to the economy,\u00bb indicates Samorukov. Almost in all countries block the participation of agriculture in employment is much higher than its share in GDP.<\/span>
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\u00abTherefore, although the actual losses of the Russian ban for the agricultural sector, for example, Portugal or Greece can be estimated in only a few million euros, the wave of discontent will range between hundreds of thousands of Greek and Portuguese farmers\u00bb, said the expert.<\/span>
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Secondly, farmers work in a very conservative industry that cannot be rebuilt quickly. If the demand for the products of farmers suddenly begins to drop, they cannot simply abandon their fields and go find another job. In addition, change from one culture to another type may take several years and during that time the farmer will also have to make a living.<\/span>
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For these reasons, farmers in Europe are a very organized group, \u00abwith extensive experience in lobbying and the habit of organizing demonstrations mutitudinarias and violent to the lesser threat to their well-being\u00bb, said Samorukov.<\/span>
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Europeans who do not have any relationship with the agricultural sector no doubt will receive such manifestations with understanding and sympathy, since talking about an issue that is important for everyone, the food. Therefore, any European politician who offends not only farmers is under the threat of losing directly to their constituents, but also supported by many other Europeans who are sure that may offend any less to farmers.<\/span>
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The European Union, urgency of an agrarian reform<\/span>
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\nDue to these trends, the authorities of the European Union are two decades studying possible reforms of its agricultural policy. In the budget of 28, agricultural subsidies represent nearly half of all spending. Europe’s agricultural system also will soon confront the flow of farmers in the East, where are about to finish the ‘transition periods’ in which they received only a fraction of the support which their Western colleagues have. It is possible that the European budget can not overcome this burden, says Samorukov.<\/span>
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The expert believes that the Russian ban on food from Europe seems to have been introduced with the hope to take advantage of these difficulties in the agricultural sector in the union and try to divide the common anti-Russian position of the block. For example, the countries of southern Europe did not accept sanctions against Russia with enthusiasm and joined them for the sole purpose of not betraying European solidarity. As a result, the imposition of sanctions can now mean for them tangible losses in an already problematic agriculture.<\/span>
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\nTherefore, Samorukov concludes that the impact on agriculture has been the best possible option in terms of proportion of losses and the effect. In addition, with this measure the Kremlin insists that Europe no longer obey without question to EE..UU. and to take steps toward improving relations with Russia.<\/span>
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Tweet  …………….. \u00bfPor qu\u00e9 Mosc\u00fa ha elegido la agricultura para sancionar a Europa? …… . Why has Moscow chosen agriculture to punish Europe?   ……. ……. RT Actualidad \/ Econom\u00eda …….. ….. Etnopaisaje.com + dibujos , . . La prohibici\u00f3n de las importaciones de alimentos occidentales ha sido la primera respuesta seria de Rusia a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29082","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-etnopaisaje"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29082","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=29082"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29082\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29099,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29082\/revisions\/29099"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=29082"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=29082"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=29082"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}