{"id":26149,"date":"2013-10-08T17:36:02","date_gmt":"2013-10-08T15:36:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/?p=26149"},"modified":"2013-10-08T17:36:02","modified_gmt":"2013-10-08T15:36:02","slug":"la-lucha-por-la-tierra-multinacionales-vs-pueblos-indigenas-the-struggle-for-the-land-multinational-vs-indigenous-peoples","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/?p=26149","title":{"rendered":"La lucha por la tierra: multinacionales vs. pueblos ind\u00edgenas.The struggle for the land: multinational vs. indigenous peoples"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tweet<\/a><\/p>

…………………<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

La lucha por la tierra: multinacionales vs. pueblos ind\u00edgenas<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

…….<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

……….<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

The struggle for the land: multinational vs. indigenous peoples<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

…….<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

……..<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

BBC Mundo<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

…….<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

…<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

…<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

Etnopaisaje.com + dibujos<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

.<\/span><\/p>\n

.<\/span><\/p>\n

.\"image002\"<\/span><\/p>\n

.<\/span><\/p>\n

.
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

Una de cada tres hect\u00e1reas que gobiernos de Am\u00e9rica Latina, \u00c1frica y Asia conceden a la explotaci\u00f3n minera, agr\u00edcola-industrial o forestal se superpone con tierras de comunidades ind\u00edgenas.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

………<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

…….<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

El Proyecto Munden, comisionado por la organizaci\u00f3n global Derechos y Recursos, analiz\u00f3 unas 153 millones de hect\u00e1reas en concesi\u00f3n en 12 pa\u00edses y hall\u00f3 que el 31% de esa superficie se encontraba en territorio ind\u00edgena<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

…….<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

….<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

El estudio se concentr\u00f3 en cinco pa\u00edses de Am\u00e9rica Latina<\/strong> (Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia y Per\u00fa), tres de \u00c1frica<\/strong> (Camer\u00fan, Liberia y Monzambique) y cuatro de Asia<\/strong> (Camboya, Indonesia, Malasia, y Filipinas).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

……..<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

………<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

Uno de los casos m\u00e1s extremos es Argentina donde un 84% de las concesiones para el cultivo de la soja est\u00e1 en territorio ind\u00edgena.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

……<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

……..<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

En las concesiones mineras de Chile, Colombia y Filipinas el relevamiento encontr\u00f3 que un 30,5% de las zonas explotadas eran de propiedad ind\u00edgena<\/span><\/strong>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

…………..<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

Seg\u00fan Augusta Molnar, directora de Derechos y Recursos, es una situaci\u00f3n potencialmente explosiva para todas las partes involucradas.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

………<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

……<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00abLos estados suelen conceder la explotaci\u00f3n sin tomar en cuenta que esa tierra pertenece a poblaciones ind\u00edgenas.<\/strong> Todo esto es un riesgo para los inversores que pueden perder su dinero, para los pa\u00edses que quedan expuestos a litigios e indemnizaciones y para los ind\u00edgenas que corren el peligro de perder su sustento\u00bb, le indic\u00f3 Molnar a BBC Mundo.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

,,,,<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

,,,,,,<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

El precio de la tierra<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

…………<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

….<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

Las compa\u00f1\u00edas pueden perder en litigios el dinero invertido en la explotaci\u00f3n.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

…..<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

……….<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

Otro riesgo que corren es la paralizaci\u00f3n de un proyecto. Seg\u00fan una estimaci\u00f3n, el costo por la suspensi\u00f3n de actividades en grandes proyectos mineros puede rondar los 20 millones de d\u00f3lares por semana.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

…….<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

…..<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

En ocasiones, los gobiernos tienen que pagar los platos rotos haci\u00e9ndose cargo de las indemnizaciones a compa\u00f1\u00edas multinacionales.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

……….<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

……….<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

En el sector agr\u00edcola, el informe estima que hay una producci\u00f3n de alrededor de US$5.000 millones en peligro.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

En el campo de las concesiones forestales, un solo pa\u00eds, Camer\u00fan, podr\u00eda experimentar p\u00e9rdidas equivalentes a un 0,4% del PIB.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

…..<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

……..<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

En Filipinas el conflicto por la tierra en torno al proyecto minero de Tampakan pone en peligro una inversi\u00f3n de casi US$6.000 millones.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

…….<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

……..<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab<\/span><\/strong>Hay dos tipos de conflictos. En algunos casos se trata de que la concesi\u00f3n est\u00e1 en territorio ind\u00edgena. En otros que afecta la vida del pueblo ind\u00edgena porque est\u00e1 muy cerca y perturba el suministro de agua, algo que pasa mucho con la inversi\u00f3n minera <\/span><\/strong>\u00ab<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

………….<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

……..<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

……..<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

No es un tema que va a desaparecer como por arte de magia<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

……….<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

…….<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

Hoy en d\u00eda hay unas 451 millones de hect\u00e1reas a nivel mundial que son propiedad de comunidades ind\u00edgenas o est\u00e1n administradas por esas comunidades con autorizaci\u00f3n del estado: el doble que en 2002.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

……….<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

……<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

La democratizaci\u00f3n planetaria y la conciencia sobre problemas medioambientales han favorecido este creciente reconocimiento del derecho ind\u00edgena.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

….<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

………<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00abPor su composici\u00f3n poblacional y por su historia Am\u00e9rica Latina est\u00e1 bastante m\u00e1s adelantada en este reconocimiento que Asia y Africa<\/strong>. Pero la explotaci\u00f3n minera est\u00e1 volviendo a ejercer presi\u00f3n sobre el tema\u00bb, aclara Augusta Molnar<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

….<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

….<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

……<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

…..<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

One of every three hectares that Governments in Latin America, Africa and Asia attach to agricola-industrial, mining or forestry overlaps with lands of indigenous communities.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

…………….<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

The Munden project, commissioned by the rights and resources, global organization analyzed some 153 million hectares concession in 12 countries and found that 31% of that surface was in indigenous territory<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

………….<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

Companies can lose the money invested in the exploitation in litigation.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

Another risk is the suspension of a project. By one estimate, the cost for the suspension of activities in large mining projects can haunt the 20 million dollars per week.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

………………..<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

Sometimes, Governments have to pay taking charge of the indemnities to multinational companies.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

In the agricultural sector, the report estimated that there is a production of around US$ 5 billion at <\/span>risk<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

In the field of forestry concessions, a single country, Cameroon, could experience losses equivalent to 0.4% of GDP.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

………….<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

In the Philippines the conflict over the land around the Tampakan project endangers an investment of almost $6 billion<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

……………..<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

It is not an issue that is going to <\/span>disappear<\/span> as if by magic<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

…………..<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

Today there are some 451 million hectares around the world that are the property of indigenous communities or are administered by those communities with the permission of the <\/span>State<\/span>: twice that of 2002.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

………………<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

Global democratization and awareness of environmental problems have favored this growing recognition of indigenous law.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

…………….<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00abIts population composition and for its history Latin America is quite forward in recognizing that Asia and Africa. But mining is returning to exert pressure on the issue,\u00bbsays Augusta Molnar<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

……………<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

There are two types of conflicts. In some cases it is that the concession is in indigenous territory. In others that affects the life of the indigenous people because it is very close and disrupting the supply of water, something that happens much to mining investment\u00bb, said <\/span>Augusta<\/span> Molnar to the BBC<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

…………<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tweet………………… La lucha por la tierra: multinacionales vs. pueblos ind\u00edgenas ……. ………. The struggle for the land: multinational vs. indigenous peoples ……. …….. BBC Mundo ……. … … Etnopaisaje.com + dibujos . . . . . . Una de cada tres hect\u00e1reas que gobiernos de Am\u00e9rica Latina, \u00c1frica y Asia conceden a la explotaci\u00f3n minera, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26149","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-etnopaisaje"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26149","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=26149"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26149\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26154,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26149\/revisions\/26154"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=26149"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=26149"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=26149"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}