{"id":24419,"date":"2013-05-06T15:43:08","date_gmt":"2013-05-06T13:43:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/?p=24419"},"modified":"2013-05-06T15:43:08","modified_gmt":"2013-05-06T13:43:08","slug":"pobreza-en-el-mundo-se-esta-cayendo-%c2%bfcual-es-el-problema-global-poverty-is-falling-so-whats-the-problem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/?p=24419","title":{"rendered":"Pobreza en el mundo se est\u00e1 cayendo, \u00bfcu\u00e1l es el problema?.Global poverty is falling, so what’s the problem?"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Pobreza en el mundo se est\u00e1 cayendo, \u00bfcu\u00e1l es el problema?<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Global poverty is falling, so what’s the problem?<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Etnopaisaje.com<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Viendo pa\u00edses de todo el mundo a crecer y prosperar, tendemos a asumir que la pobreza global est\u00e1 disminuyendo.<\/strong> Y de hecho, el Banco Mundial dice que en 1981 se empobreci\u00f3 casi la mitad de los ciudadanos del mundo, es decir, viv\u00edan con menos de 1,25 d\u00f3lares al d\u00eda. <\/strong>Y hoy, menos de un quinto de la poblaci\u00f3n mundial vive en la pobreza. En n\u00fameros brutos<\/strong>, que se traduce en una ca\u00edda del 40 por ciento de cerca de 2 mil millones a 1200 millones de personas.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Pero cuando cavamos m\u00e1s profundo, est\u00e1 claro que la situaci\u00f3n es m\u00e1s turbia. En pocas palabras, la mayor parte de la reducci\u00f3n de la pobreza en el mundo tiene que ver con un pa\u00eds – China<\/strong>. Sacarlo de la ecuaci\u00f3n y los n\u00fameros son muy diferentes.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Volvamos a 1981. En ese entonces, China represent\u00f3 el 43 por ciento de los pobres del mundo. Los otros principales contribuyentes fueron el sur de Asia, con un 29 por ciento<\/strong>, y el \u00c1frica subsahariana, con un 11 por ciento. Avance r\u00e1pido de apenas una d\u00e9cada, y ver\u00e1 que la participaci\u00f3n de los pobres del mundo de China comenz\u00f3 a caer. La tendencia contin\u00faa a trav\u00e9s de la d\u00e9cada de 2000. En 2010, China represent\u00f3 s\u00f3lo el 13 por ciento de la poblaci\u00f3n pobre del mundo. <\/strong>La participaci\u00f3n de Asia del Sur hab\u00eda aumentado a 42 por ciento, mientras que la de \u00c1frica subsahariana se triplic\u00f3, al 34 por ciento.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Los datos del Banco Mundial muestran que el n\u00famero total de chinos pobres se redujo en casi 680 millones de personas en los \u00faltimos tres decenios<\/strong>. Eso es alrededor de 95 por ciento de la disminuci\u00f3n total mundial. Al registrar un crecimiento de dos d\u00edgitos durante tres d\u00e9cadas, Beijing ha transformado el destino de una naci\u00f3n pobre en una generaci\u00f3n. Eso es incre\u00edble, pero te dice que en el resto del mundo, el progreso ha sido mucho, mucho m\u00e1s lento – si ha habido progreso.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hay una lecci\u00f3n para otros pa\u00edses en desarrollo.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Tome la India, por ejemplo. Nueva Delhi tambi\u00e9n ha hecho avances contra la pobreza<\/strong>. El problema es que esos avances s\u00f3lo han sido un par de pasos por delante del crecimiento de la poblaci\u00f3n. Mira los n\u00fameros. En 1981, 429 millones de indios viv\u00edan en la pobreza – el 60 por ciento de la poblaci\u00f3n. Para el a\u00f1o 2010, el porcentaje de personas pobres se redujo a 33 por ciento. <\/strong>Y sin embargo, el n\u00famero total de indios que viven en la pobreza segu\u00eda siendo cerca de 400 millones de d\u00f3lares. \u00bfPor qu\u00e9? Usted ve, la poblaci\u00f3n de la India hab\u00eda aumentado en cerca de la mitad de mil millones. Para todos los millones que salieron de la pobreza, millones de personas han nacido en ella.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00bfCu\u00e1l es la respuesta? Crecimiento. En los a\u00f1os 1960 y 70, la India fue infamemente atascado en un bache de crecimiento lento, un mediocre 2 por ciento al a\u00f1o a menudo. Luego, en la d\u00e9cada de 1980, comenz\u00f3 la apertura, y en el 1990 New Delhi descart\u00f3 gran parte del viejo sistema socialista de los controles. A mediados de la d\u00e9cada de 2000, la India fue creciendo en torno al 9 por ciento. Este<\/strong> crecimiento contribuy\u00f3 a crear la clase media de la India, y redujo dr\u00e1sticamente el n\u00famero de personas que viven en la pobreza. Pero de acuerdo con el Instituto Cato pro-libre mercado, si se hab\u00edan producido esas reformas hace dos d\u00e9cadas, la India hoy en d\u00eda tienen un menor n\u00famero de personas pobres: 175 millones menos. Por eso reciente ca\u00edda de la India en el crecimiento econ\u00f3mico es alarmante – los m\u00e1s afectados ser\u00e1n los pobres.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00c1frica tambi\u00e9n est\u00e1 cambiando<\/strong>, pero para los m\u00e1s pobres, el cambio es demasiado lento. Desde 1981, las tasas de pobreza han ido disminuyendo<\/strong> de manera constante, tanto en el mundo en desarrollo y el mundo en su conjunto. Sin embargo, en el \u00c1frica subsahariana las tasas de pobreza de \u00c1frica realidad tiene un poco peor en los a\u00f1os 1980 y 90. Es s\u00f3lo recientemente ha comenzado a girar la esquina, de nuevo, gracias en gran parte al crecimiento econ\u00f3mico m\u00e1s r\u00e1pido.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Pobreza en el mundo se est\u00e1 cayendo. Sin embargo, China se merece la mayor parte del cr\u00e9dito. Y gracias al Partido Comunista de China, ahora sabemos que el camino hacia la reducci\u00f3n de la pobreza es … el crecimiento capitalista liderado<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Watching countries from around the world grow and prosper, we tend to assume that global poverty is falling. And in fact, the World Bank says that in 1981 nearly half of the world’s citizens were impoverished, that is, they lived on less than $1.25 a day. And today, less than a fifth of the world’s population lives in poverty. In raw numbers, that translates to a 40 percent drop from about 2 billion to 1.2 billion people.<\/span><\/p>\n

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But when we dig deeper, it\u2019s clear the picture is more murky. Put simply, most of the reduction in global poverty has to do with one country \u2013 China. Take it out of the equation and the numbers look very different.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Let’s go back to 1981. Back then, China accounted for 43 percent of the world’s poor. The other major contributors were South Asia, with 29 percent, and sub-Saharan Africa, with 11 percent. Fast forward just a decade, and you’ll see that China’s share of the world’s poor began to drop. The trend continues through the 2000s. By 2010, China accounted for only 13 percent of the world’s impoverished population. South Asia’s share had jumped to 42 percent, while sub-Saharan Africa’s share tripled, to 34 percent.<\/span><\/p>\n

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The World Bank data shows that the total number of impoverished Chinese declined by nearly 680 million people in the last three decades. That’s about 95 percent of the total global decline. By registering double digit growth for three decades, Beijing has transformed the fortunes of a poor nation within a generation. That’s amazing, but it tells you that in the rest of the world, progress has been much, much slower \u2013 if there’s been progress at all.<\/span><\/p>\n

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There’s a lesson here for other developing countries.<\/span><\/p>\n

Take India, for example. New Delhi has also made strides against poverty. The problem is, those strides have only been a few steps ahead of population growth. Look at the numbers. In 1981, 429 million Indians lived in poverty \u2013 about 60 percent of the population. By 2010, the percentage of impoverished people had dropped to 33 percent. And yet the total number of Indians living in poverty was still around 400 million. Why? You see, India’s population had expanded by about half a billion. For all the millions who were lifted out of poverty, millions of others were born into it.<\/span><\/p>\n

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What’s the answer? Growth. In the 1960s and 70s India was infamously stuck in a rut of slow growth, a mediocre 2 percent a year often. Then, in the 1980s, it began opening up, and in the 1990s New Delhi scrapped much of the old socialist set of controls. By the mid-2000s, India was growing at around 9 percent. That growth helped create India’s middle class, and dramatically reduced the number of people living in poverty. But according to the pro-free-market Cato Institute, if those reforms had taken place two decades earlier, India would today have fewer impoverished people: 175 million fewer. That’s why India’s recent drop in economic growth is alarming \u2013 those most affected will be the poor.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Africa is also changing, but for its poorest, change is still too slow. Since 1981, poverty rates have been dropping steadily in both the developing world, and the world as a whole. But in sub-Saharan Africa poverty rates actually got slightly worse in the 1980s and 90s. It has only recently begun to turn the corner, again, thanks in large part to faster economic growth.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Global poverty is falling. But China deserves most of the credit. And thanks to the Communist Party of China, we now know that the path to poverty alleviation is\u2026capitalist-led growth<\/span><\/p>\n

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Tweet…….. Pobreza en el mundo se est\u00e1 cayendo, \u00bfcu\u00e1l es el problema? ……. …… Global poverty is falling, so what’s the problem? … … ……………. Etnopaisaje.com .. . …. . . . Viendo pa\u00edses de todo el mundo a crecer y prosperar, tendemos a asumir que la pobreza global est\u00e1 disminuyendo. Y de hecho, el […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24419","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-flora"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24419","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=24419"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24419\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24427,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24419\/revisions\/24427"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=24419"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=24419"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=24419"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}