{"id":15282,"date":"2012-01-25T14:52:26","date_gmt":"2012-01-25T12:52:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/?p=15282"},"modified":"2012-01-25T14:52:26","modified_gmt":"2012-01-25T12:52:26","slug":"malas-hierbas-resistentes-resistant-weeds","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/?p=15282","title":{"rendered":"Malas hierbas resistentes. Resistant weeds"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/twitter.com\/share?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.floracantabrica.com%2F%3Fp%3D15282&amp;count=none&amp;lang=es&amp;via=lorencincoreses&amp;related=Mujerverdosa&amp;text=Malas hierbas resistentes. Resistant weeds - Flora Cant\u00e1brica\" class=\"twitter-share-button\">Tweet<\/a><\/p><p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Malas hierbas resistentes. Resistant weeds<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Vamos a la tertulia del University College<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Etnopaisaje.com<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-16227\" title=\"image002\" src=\"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/image00218.gif\" alt=\"image002\" width=\"752\" height=\"564\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/image00218.gif 752w, http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/image00218-300x225.gif 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 752px) 100vw, 752px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">,&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Interviene el moderador: El <strong>glifosato<\/strong> es un <a title=\"Herbicida\" href=\"http:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Herbicida\">herbicida<\/a> no selectivo de amplio espectro, desarrollado para eliminaci\u00f3n de hierbas y de arbustos, en especial los perennes. El glifosato es el <a title=\"Principio activo\" href=\"http:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Principio_activo\">principio activo<\/a> del herbicida <a title=\"Roundup\" href=\"http:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roundup\">Roundup<\/a> (<a title=\"Nombre comercial\" href=\"http:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nombre_comercial\">nombre comercial<\/a> de <a title=\"Monsanto\" href=\"http:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Monsanto\">Monsanto<\/a>)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026..<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Una nueva serie de estudios publicados por <em>Weed Science<\/em> de este mes encuentra que por lo <strong>menos 21 especies de malas hierbas se han vuelto resistentes<\/strong> al popular herbicida glifosato (vendido como Roundup de Monsanto), y un n\u00famero creciente sobreviven a m\u00faltiples herbicidas, son las llamadas \u201csuper-malezas\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">La misma presi\u00f3n de selecci\u00f3n que crea bacterias resistentes a m\u00faltiples antibi\u00f3ticos est\u00e1 provocando la r\u00e1pida evoluci\u00f3n de plantas que sobreviven a herbicidas modernos. Si la tendencia contin\u00faa, podr\u00eda disminuir los rendimientos y los costos de los alimentos subir\u00edan a medida que crecen las malezas m\u00e1s dif\u00edciles de erradicar<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><a title=\"Enlace Permanente a Las mutaciones de las malezas resistentes al Roundup de Monsanto podr\u00eda aumentar el precio de los alimentos\" href=\"http:\/\/elnuevodespertar.wordpress.com\/2011\/08\/01\/las-mutaciones-de-las-malezas-resistentes-al-roundup-de-monsanto-podria-aumentar-el-precio-de-los-alimentos\/\">Las mutaciones de las malezas resistentes al Roundup de Monsanto podr\u00eda aumentar el precio de los alimentos<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Se supon\u00eda que el Roundup de Monsanto har\u00eda que fuera m\u00e1s f\u00e1cil para los agricultores deshacerse de las malas hierba<\/strong>s, pero \u00e9ste est\u00e1 funcionando cada vez menos en las plantas, incluso algunas pueden crecer siete cent\u00edmetros por d\u00eda y destruir el equipo agr\u00edcola.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Durante d\u00e9cadas, los agricultores lo tuvieron relativamente f\u00e1cil a la hora de eliminar las malas hierbas de su suelo: aplicando herbicidas y esperando a que las malas hierbas murieran y crecieran las cosechas. Aquellos d\u00edas, por desgracia, est\u00e1n llegando a su fin.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026..<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Los cultivos transg\u00e9nicos, son aquellos a los que mediante la biotecnolog\u00eda moderna se les han transferido segmentos de ADN q<\/strong>ue le confieren caracter\u00edsticas deseables espec\u00edficas, como la resistencia a plagas y tolerancia a herbicidas o la capacidad de tolerar condiciones clim\u00e1ticas adversas<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>The moderator intervened<\/strong>: Glyphosate is a nonselective herbicide for broad spectrum, developed for elimination of herbs and shrubs, especially evergreens. Glyphosate is the active ingredient of herbicide Roundup (Monsanto&#8217;s trade name)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">A new series of studies published in Weed Science this month found that at least 21 species of weeds have become resistant to the popular herbicide glyphosate (sold as Roundup by Monsanto), and an increasing number survive to multiple herbicides, are called \u00absuper-weeds\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">The same selection pressure that creates multiple antibiotic-resistant bacteria is causing the rapid evolution of plants that survive modern herbicides. If the trend continues, it could reduce yields and food costs will rise as you grow more difficult to eradicate weeds<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Mutations of weeds resistant to Monsanto&#8217;s Roundup could increase food prices<br \/>\nIt was assumed that Monsanto&#8217;s Roundup would make it easier for farmers to get rid of weeds, but this is working less and less in the plants, even some can grow three inches a day and destroy farm equipment.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">GM crops are those that through modern biotechnology have transferred DNA segments that confer specific desirable traits such as pest resistance and herbicide tolerance or ability to tolerate adverse weather conditions<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Hacemos un resumen del art\u00edculo\u00a0 publicado en INVESTIGACI\u00d3N Y CIENCIA en Julio del 2011<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-15283\" title=\"image002\" src=\"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/10\/image002198.jpg\" alt=\"image002\" width=\"756\" height=\"399\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/10\/image002198.jpg 756w, http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/10\/image002198-300x158.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 756px) 100vw, 756px\" \/>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">La creciente dependencia de los herbicidas en muchos cultivos que se realizan en Espa\u00f1a est\u00e1 comportando la aparici\u00f3n de poblacio- nes de malas hierbas resistentes a los productos aplicados. \u00bfC\u00f3mo se origina una resistencia? Las poblaciones de malas hierbas est\u00e1n compuestas por individuos (biotipos) con genotipos ligeramente diferentes entre s\u00ed, alguno de los cuales no resulta afectado por los herbicidas.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Al hacer un uso repetido de un mismo producto o de productos con un modo de acci\u00f3n similar se favorecer\u00e1 la supervivencia y persistencia de los biotipos resistentes y se tender\u00e1 a eliminar los biotipos sensibles. Tras diversos a\u00f1os de cultivo, esa \u00abpresi\u00f3n de selecci\u00f3n\u00bb llevar\u00e1 a la dominancia del biotipo resistente en la poblaci\u00f3n vegetal, que alcanzar\u00e1 un nivel de densidad tal que impedir\u00e1 su control adecuado con el herbicida.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><br \/>\nEl primer informe de la existencia de un biotipo de mala hierba resistente a herbicidas en Espa\u00f1a data de 1981. En ese a\u00f1o se hallaron en campos de ma\u00edz ejemplares de <em>Panicum dichotomiflorum<\/em> resistentes a atrazina, herbicida perteneciente a la familia de las triazinas. El \u00faltimo caso de resistencia fue descrito en 2009, al observar que <em>Conyza sumatrensis<\/em> no respond\u00eda al glifosato en campos de frutales<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-15284\" title=\"image002\" src=\"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/10\/image002199.jpg\" alt=\"image002\" width=\"385\" height=\"649\" \/>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-15285\" title=\"image002\" src=\"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/10\/image002200.jpg\" alt=\"image002\" width=\"832\" height=\"803\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/10\/image002200.jpg 832w, http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/10\/image002200-300x289.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 832px) 100vw, 832px\" \/>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-15286\" title=\"image002\" src=\"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/10\/image002201.jpg\" alt=\"image002\" width=\"756\" height=\"270\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/10\/image002201.jpg 756w, http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/10\/image002201-300x107.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 756px) 100vw, 756px\" \/>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-15287\" title=\"image002\" src=\"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/10\/image002202.jpg\" alt=\"image002\" width=\"642\" height=\"797\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/10\/image002202.jpg 642w, http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/10\/image002202-241x300.jpg 241w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 642px) 100vw, 642px\" \/>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-15288\" title=\"image002\" src=\"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/10\/image002203.jpg\" alt=\"image002\" width=\"643\" height=\"528\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/10\/image002203.jpg 643w, http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/10\/image002203-300x246.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 643px) 100vw, 643px\" \/><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong> <\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tweet&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230; Malas hierbas resistentes. Resistant weeds \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026. Vamos a la tertulia del University College \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026 Etnopaisaje.com \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026. ,&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.. Interviene el moderador: El glifosato es un herbicida no selectivo de amplio espectro, desarrollado para eliminaci\u00f3n de hierbas y de arbustos, en especial los perennes. El glifosato es el principio activo del herbicida Roundup (nombre comercial de [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15282","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-etnopaisaje"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15282","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=15282"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15282\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16230,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15282\/revisions\/16230"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=15282"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=15282"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=15282"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}