{"id":15149,"date":"2011-10-14T18:42:01","date_gmt":"2011-10-14T16:42:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/?p=15149"},"modified":"2011-10-14T18:42:01","modified_gmt":"2011-10-14T16:42:01","slug":"ambiente-y-desarrollo-en-america-del-sur-environment-and-development-in-south-america","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/?p=15149","title":{"rendered":"AMBIENTE Y DESARROLLO EN AMERICA DEL SUR. ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AMERICA"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/twitter.com\/share?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.floracantabrica.com%2F%3Fp%3D15149&amp;count=none&amp;lang=es&amp;via=lorencincoreses&amp;related=Mujerverdosa&amp;text=AMBIENTE Y DESARROLLO EN AMERICA DEL SUR. ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AMERICA  - Flora Cant\u00e1brica\" class=\"twitter-share-button\">Tweet<\/a><\/p><p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">AMBIENTE Y<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">DESARROLLO EN AMERICA DEL SUR<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">ENVIRONMENT AND<br \/>\nDEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AMERICA<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">TENDENCIAS EN AMBIENTE Y<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">DESARROLLO EN AMERICA DEL SUR<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">2009\/10<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Cambio clim\u00e1tico, biodiversidad y pol\u00edticas ambientales<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Centro Latino Americano de Ecolog\u00eda Social<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Vamos a la tertulia del University College<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026..<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Etnopaisaje.com<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026..<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-15152\" title=\"image002\" src=\"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/10\/image002186.jpg\" alt=\"image002\" width=\"786\" height=\"579\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/10\/image002186.jpg 786w, http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/10\/image002186-300x220.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 786px) 100vw, 786px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong><em>Interviene el moderador: <\/em><\/strong><em>El informe medioambiental sobre Am\u00e9rica del Sur, nos parece muy interesante, pues aporta importantes datos sobre esta zona. A mi ha llamado la atenci\u00f3n que la situaci\u00f3n econ\u00f3mica de estos pa\u00edses, est\u00e9 vinculada a la exportaci\u00f3n de materias primas a los pa\u00edses del \u00a0Norte. Su mejora econ\u00f3mica depende de los ingresos de las exportaciones y todas ellas llevan consigo un fuerte deterioro ecol\u00f3gico. Pero el tema no termina ah\u00ed sino que muchos gobiernos ,para tener compradores de materias primas suavizan los controles ambientales<strong> e incluso lo justifican ante el pueblo, c\u00f3mo una necesidad para la subsistencia. <\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><em><strong>Destacar\u00eda el siguiente comentario:<\/strong><\/em><em> \u201cMuchos problemas ambientales observados se deben a la presi\u00f3n para obtener recursos naturales que son orientados a las exportaciones. De hecho, la participaci\u00f3n de las materias primas en las exportaciones totales sudamericanas sigue siendo muy alta\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><em>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><em><br \/>\n<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><em> <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong><em> <\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><em>\u201cLa crisis ha sido invocada como excusa y genera un discurso de urgencia que ha sido usado para justificar medidas de flexibilizaci\u00f3n, e incluso reforma, de la normativa ambiental, los procedimientos de evaluaci\u00f3n ambiental, y otras medidas de protecci\u00f3n\u201d.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><em>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><em><br \/>\n<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u201cLos cl\u00e1sicos sectores extractivistas, como el minero y el petrolero, se mantienen en casi todos los pa\u00edses. Sobre \u00e9stos, en los pa\u00edses bajo gobiernos progresistas, se ha instalado un <strong>neo-extractivismo<\/strong> que mantiene una mayor presencia estatal, en varios casos captando una mayor proporci\u00f3n de la riqueza generada por esos sectores\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u00b4\u00b4\u00b4\u00b4\u00b4\u00b4\u00b4\u00b4\u00b4\u00b4\u00b4\u00b4\u00b4\u00b4\u00b4\u00b4<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u201ccuando se elevan las cr\u00edticas en sectores como\u00a0 el minero o el petrolero, desde los gobiernos<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>se responde que esas actividades son esenciales para el desarrollo nacional y en particular<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>para atacar la pobreza\u201d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026..<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">The moderator intervened: The environmental report on South America, it seems very interesting, as it provides important information about this area. My attention has been called the economic situation of these countries is linked to the export of raw materials to the North.: Economic improvement depends on export earnings and all carry a heavy environmental damage. But the issue does not end there but many governments to have buyers of raw materials soften environmental controls and even justify it to the people as a necessity for survival. Highlight the following comment: \u00abMany environmental problems observed are due to the pressure for natural resources that are geared to the exportaciones.De fact, the share of commodity exports in South America is still very high\u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u00abThe crisis has been invoked as an excuse and generates a discourse of urgency that has been used to justify measures of flexibility, and even reform, environmental regulations, environmental assessment procedures, and other protective measures. \u00ab<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">The classic extractive sectors such as mining and oil, are held in almost all countries. On these, in the countries under progressive governments have installed a neo-extractivism maintaining greater state presence, in some cases capturing a larger share of the wealth generated by these sectors<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">When you raise the critical sectors such as mining or oil, from governments<br \/>\nthe answer is that these activities are essential for national development and in particular to attack poverty \u00ab<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Recogemos algunas de las frases del informe a modo de resumen<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>DOCE TENDENCIAS EN<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>AMBIENTE Y DESARROLLO<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>1. Persiste el deterioro de la biodiversidad, y<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>el ritmo de medidas de protecci\u00f3n ambiental<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>no permite compensar efectivamente la<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>p\u00e9rdida de ecosistemas silvestres.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Se observa que se mantienen, y en algunos<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">casos se han agravado, los impactos sobre las<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u00e1reas silvestres, elevados ritmos de deforestaci\u00f3n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">en ambientes tropicales y subtropicales,<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">y amenazas a diversas especies de fauna<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">y flora. Brasil, Per\u00fa y Ecuador se encuentran<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">entre los pa\u00edses con mayores niveles absolutos<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">o relativos de impacto ambiental<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026..<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>2. La gesti\u00f3n para la conservaci\u00f3n de la biodiversidad<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>y la protecci\u00f3n ambiental enfrentan<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>serias limitaciones<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026..<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">En Am\u00e9rica del Sur se observa un aumento<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">de la superficie protegida. Sin embargo, en<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">muchas de esas \u00e1reas no se han implementado<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">medidas efectivas de protecci\u00f3n, no existen<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">planes de manejo o son muy limitados, y<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">la dotaci\u00f3n de recursos humanos y financieros<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">es limitada<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026..<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>3. Proliferan iniciativas de comercializaci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>de la Naturaleza, usualmente como venta de<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>bienes y servicios ambientales, aunque no<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>existe evidencia certera sobre su efectividad<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>para asegurar la conservaci\u00f3n.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026\u2026..<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>4. La agenda del cambio clim\u00e1tico est\u00e1 distorsionada<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>desde el punto de vista de la mitigaci\u00f3n.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>5. Desde el punto de vista de la adaptaci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>al cambio clim\u00e1tico, los gobiernos sudamericanos<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>no han adoptado una actitud proactiva<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>ante el problema, y condicionan sus<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>acciones a obtener fondos internacionales.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026..<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>6. En la tem\u00e1tica del cambio clim\u00e1tico se<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>enfatiza una perspectiva planetaria que ha<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>desplazado a los problemas y urgencias<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>ambientales locales, nacionales y regionales.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>7. Se desaprovech\u00f3 la pasada bonanza econ\u00f3mica<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>de altos precios de las materias primas<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>para reducir la presi\u00f3n sobre la Naturaleza<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>y diversificar las opciones de desarrollo<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>nacional.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>8. La actual crisis econ\u00f3mico-financiera refuerza<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>la presi\u00f3n sobre la Naturaleza.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">La crisis internacional ha llevado a priorizar<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">el crecimiento de las exportaciones de materias<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">primas y la captaci\u00f3n de mayores cuotas<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">de inversi\u00f3n extranjera. A partir de esos objetivos,<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">se observan tendencias para flexibilizar<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">o reducir las exigencias y controles ambientales,<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">de manera que \u00e9stos no entorpezcan esas<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">metas exportadoras.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026..<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>9. Los pa\u00edses sudamericanos mantienen un<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>estilo extractivista, y en especial bajo los<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>gobiernos progresistas se est\u00e1 generando un<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>neo-extractivismo<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026\u2026.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Los cl\u00e1sicos sectores extractivistas, como el<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">minero y el petrolero, se mantienen en casi<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">todos los pa\u00edses. Sobre \u00e9stos, en los pa\u00edses<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">bajo gobiernos progresistas, se ha instalado<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">un neo-extractivismo que mantiene una mayor<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">presencia estatal, en varios casos captando<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">una mayor proporci\u00f3n de la riqueza generada<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">por esos sectores<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>10. Las iniciativas de integraci\u00f3n regional<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>siguen su marcha, pero no logran incorporar<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>de forma sustantiva una agenda ambiental<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>11. Han surgido alternativas ambientales<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>que implican sustantivas novedades en las<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>estrategias de desarrollo, pero que todav\u00eda<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>no logran cristalizar.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026..<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Existen m\u00faltiples iniciativas y esfuerzos hacia<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">el desarrollo sostenible en Am\u00e9rica del Sur.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Entre ellas, destacamos por su novedad, potencialidad<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">como ejemplo para otros casos, y<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">como medida ambiental concreta, la propuesta<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">de moratoria petrolera en la regi\u00f3n de Yasun\u00ed<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">en la Amazonia de Ecuador<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>12. El debate pol\u00edtico y partidario se expresa<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>de diversas maneras, pero prevalece una<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>postura donde la tem\u00e1tica ambiental queda<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>en segundo plano por detr\u00e1s de metas econ\u00f3micas<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>y comerciales.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>II.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>SITUACION AMBIENTAL y<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>BIODIVERSIDAD<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Los pa\u00edses sudamericanos muestran diversos<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">s\u00edntomas de impacto ambiental, ejemplificados<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>por intensos niveles de extracci\u00f3n de<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>recursos naturales, efectos de obras de infraestructura<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">y problemas vinculados con<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">emisiones y contaminantes<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026..<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Una reciente evaluaci\u00f3n a nivel mundial,<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>arroj\u00f3 que un pa\u00eds sudamericano, Brasil, ocupa<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>el primer puesto por sus impactos ambientales<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>absolutos<\/strong> 1. En efecto, este pa\u00eds se<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">encuentra por encima de otras naciones, tanto<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">industrializadas como en desarrollo (Estados<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Unidos en el puesto 2, y China en la ubicaci\u00f3n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">3), por sus impactos ambientales. Esa<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">ubicaci\u00f3n se debe en especial por su alta p\u00e9rdida<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">de boques naturales, deterioro de h\u00e1bitats,<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">alto n\u00famero de especies amenazadas y<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">uso intensivo de fertilizantes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>La p\u00e9rdida de bosques es uno de los ejemplos<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>m\u00e1s claros de este tipo de deterioro ambiental<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">a escala continental. Am\u00e9rica del Sur junto<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">a \u00c1frica poseen la mayor p\u00e9rdida neta de<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">bosques a nivel mundial<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Muchas medidas alternativas<\/strong> para potenciar<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">la protecci\u00f3n de la Naturaleza y la gesti\u00f3n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">ambiental han derivado <strong>en buscar, o demostrar,<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>beneficios econ\u00f3micos en la biodiversidad<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">De esta manera han proliferado las propuestas<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">en biocomercio, asignaci\u00f3n de valor<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">econ\u00f3mico a bienes y servicios ambientales<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">para transarlos en el mercado, programas de<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">actividades empresariales dentro de \u00e1reas<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">protegidas (que van desde el ecoturismo a<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">venta de artesan\u00edas), propuestas de venta de<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">captaci\u00f3n de carbono, y as\u00ed sucesivamente<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">F<strong>actores que determinan los impactos ambientales<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2013 <\/strong>Entre los factores que desencadenan<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">impactos ambientales, el primer lugar de<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">las respuestas fue el aumento <strong>del \u00e1rea agr\u00edcola\/<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>ganadera (21.6%), seguido por las necesidades<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>vinculadas a los objetivos de aumentar<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>sus exportaciones (17.6%), por el incremento<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>de la explotaci\u00f3n minera (14.4%).<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Esta vinculaci\u00f3n entre extractivismo y bonos,<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">es utilizada para justificar muchos emprendimientos<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">extractivistas que son cuestionados<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">por su impacto ambiental. De esa manera,<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>cuando se elevan las cr\u00edticas en sectores como<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>el minero o el petrolero, desde los gobiernos<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>se responde que esas actividades son esenciales<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>para el desarrollo nacional y en particular<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>para atacar la pobreza<\/strong>. De esa forma se logra<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">una gran legitimidad social y pol\u00edtica, y se<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">hace mucho m\u00e1s dif\u00edcil advertir sobre la problem\u00e1tica<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">ambiental del extractivismo.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026..<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>III.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>PERCEPCION Y VALORACION<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>DEL ESTADO DEL AMBIENTE<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Principales problemas ambientales que<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>afectan a la regi\u00f3n &#8211; <\/strong><strong>Los principales problemas<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>son la contaminaci\u00f3n del agua (13.2% de<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>las respuestas), la deforestaci\u00f3n (12%), el<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>aumento de ecosistemas en riesgo (11.5%), la<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>p\u00e9rdida de \u00e1reas naturales (11.3%) y el deterioro<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>del suelo (10.1%).<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Asimismo, las principales<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">c<strong>ausas <\/strong>de los problemas ambientales<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">seg\u00fan los consultados, resultaron ser el uso<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>de agroqu\u00edmicos<\/strong> (10.6%), <strong>el uso agropecuario<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">(9.7%), las <strong>explotaciones mineras<\/strong> (9.5%) y la<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>deforestaci\u00f3n<\/strong> (8.8%)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026..<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">F<strong>actores que determinan los impactos ambientales<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2013 <\/strong>Entre los factores que desencadenan<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">impactos ambientales, el primer lugar de<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">las respuestas fue el <strong>aumento del \u00e1rea agr\u00edcola\/<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>ganadera (<\/strong>21.6%), seguido por las necesidades<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">vinculadas a los objetivos de aumentar<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>sus exportaciones<\/strong> (17.6%), por el incremento<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">de <strong>la explotaci\u00f3n minera<\/strong> (14.4%).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>AMBIENTE, ECONOMIA Y<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>DESARROLLO<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>El surgimiento del neo-extractivismo<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Muchos problemas ambientales observados<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>se deben a la presi\u00f3n para obtener recursos<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>naturales que son orientados a las exportaciones<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">De hecho, la participaci\u00f3n de las materias<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">primas en las exportaciones totales<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">sudamericanas sigue siendo muy alta<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Por lo tanto se mantiene un estilo extractivista<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">b\u00e1sico, con antiguos antecedentes en pa\u00edses<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">como Chile, Colombia o Per\u00fa. <strong>El extractivismo<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>se caracteriza por extraer grandes vol\u00famenes<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>de recursos naturales, que no sufren<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>un procesamiento (o es limitado) y son exportados<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>como materias primas.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026..<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Esta vinculaci\u00f3n entre extractivismo y bonos,<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>es utilizada para justificar muchos emprendimientos<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>extractivistas que son cuestionados<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>por su impacto ambiental<\/strong>. De esa manera,<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">cuando se elevan las cr\u00edticas en sectores como<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">el minero o el petrolero, desde los gobiernos<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">se responde que esas actividades son esenciales<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">para el desarrollo nacional y en particular<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">para atacar la pobreza. De esa forma se logra<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">una gran legitimidad social y pol\u00edtica, y se<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">hace mucho m\u00e1s dif\u00edcil advertir sobre la problem\u00e1tica<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">ambiental del extractivismo.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Otra de las consecuencias de la persistencia<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">de un patr\u00f3n productivo basado en la exportaci\u00f3n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">de recursos naturales <strong>es la fragmentaci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>territorial<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>En el neo-extractivismo, los gobiernos apuntan<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>a una mayor presencia,<\/strong> y en especial captando<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">una mayor proporci\u00f3n de los excedentes,<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">sea por medios tributarios o regal\u00edas, o<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">por participaci\u00f3n directa en sus empresas<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>La crisis ha generado<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>diversas acciones gubernamentales para<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>reforzar sus exportaciones y la captaci\u00f3n de<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>inversi\u00f3n extranjera<\/strong>. Como resultado de esos<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">esfuerzos se han redoblado los cuestionamientos<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">a las exigencias ambientales y restricciones<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">de evaluaci\u00f3n e informaci\u00f3n ambiental,<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">en tanto se las considera como trabas<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">para los proyectos productivos<strong>. La crisis ha<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>sido invocada como excusa y genera un discurso<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>de urgencia que ha sido usado para<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">justificar medidas de flexibilizaci\u00f3n, e incluso<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>reforma, de la normativa ambiental<\/strong>, los procedimientos<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">de evaluaci\u00f3n ambiental, y otras<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">medidas de protecci\u00f3n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>IX<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>COMENTARIOS FINALES<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>\u2026\u2026\u2026.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">El presente reporte sobre las tendencias en<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">ambiente y desarrollo en Am\u00e9rica del Sur, y<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">la evaluaci\u00f3n de percepciones y expectativas,<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">dejan en claro los desaf\u00edos que enfrenta el<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">continente. Por un lado, <strong>se cuenta con un<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>acervo ecol\u00f3gico de enorme riqueza, con<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>fuertes demandas para su conservaci\u00f3n, tanto<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>a nivel nacional y local<\/strong>. Por otro lado, esa<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>misma base ecol\u00f3gica sigue alimentando el<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>desarrollo econ\u00f3mico del continente<\/strong>, y en<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">especial la nueva fase de inserci\u00f3n exportadora<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">basada en materias primas<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Esto explica que las presiones sobre los recursos<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>naturales, tanto por demanda externa<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>como por las necesidades internas, sea muy<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>alta.<\/strong> Consecuentemente, el saldo neto de<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u00e1reas protegidas y recursos naturales manejados<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">adecuadamente, es negativo<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tweet&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.. AMBIENTE Y DESARROLLO EN AMERICA DEL SUR \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026 ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AMERICA &#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230; TENDENCIAS EN AMBIENTE Y DESARROLLO EN AMERICA DEL SUR 2009\/10 Cambio clim\u00e1tico, biodiversidad y pol\u00edticas ambientales Centro Latino Americano de Ecolog\u00eda Social \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026. Vamos a la tertulia del University College \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.. Etnopaisaje.com \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.. &#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.. 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