{"id":10066,"date":"2010-12-23T21:32:07","date_gmt":"2010-12-23T19:32:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/?p=10066"},"modified":"2010-12-25T21:33:31","modified_gmt":"2010-12-25T19:33:31","slug":"el-choque-de-las-civilizaciones","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/?p=10066","title":{"rendered":"El choque de las civilizaciones.The clash of civilizations"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/twitter.com\/share?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.floracantabrica.com%2F%3Fp%3D10066&amp;count=none&amp;lang=es&amp;via=lorencincoreses&amp;related=Mujerverdosa&amp;text=El choque de las civilizaciones.The clash of civilizations - Flora Cant\u00e1brica\" class=\"twitter-share-button\">Tweet<\/a><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">El choque de las civilizaciones<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Vamos a la tertulia del University College<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Interviene el moderador: El choque de civilizaciones es una controvertida teor\u00eda acerca de las relaciones internacionales. Tal como se conoce hoy en d\u00eda, fue formulada en un art\u00edculo de Samuel Huntington (profesor de la Universidad de Eaton) publicado en la revista estadounidense <em>Foreign Affairs <\/em>en 1993 y transformado posteriormente en un libro en 1996.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u00a0La teor\u00eda del choque de civilizaciones: explica los grandes movimientos pol\u00edticos y culturales de la Historia Universal por medio de las influencias rec\u00edprocas que ejercen entre s\u00ed las diversas civilizaciones (por contraposici\u00f3n a las debidas a los<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">enfrentamientos entre estados-naci\u00f3n o ideolog\u00edas). Civilizaci\u00f3n: en este contexto, es una cultura m\u00e1s o menos cerrada y con una tradici\u00f3n cultural m\u00e1s o menos herm\u00e9tica e impermeable, que por ende se encuentra en oposici\u00f3n a otras civilizaciones con tradiciones diferentes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Interviene el primero: La tesis central de libro de Samuel Huntingtones \u00a0es que! <em>La pol\u00edtica mundial est\u00e1 entrando en una nueva fase en la que la fuente fundamental de conflictos no ser\u00e1 ideol\u00f3gica ni econ\u00f3mica; las grandes divisiones de la humanidad y las principales fuentes de conflictos ser\u00e1n culturales, entre naciones y grupos de civilizaciones diferentes.\u00a1<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Los estados-naci\u00f3n seguir\u00e1n siendo los actores m\u00e1s poderosos del panorama internacional, pero los principales conflictos de la pol\u00edtica global ocurrir\u00e1n entre naciones y grupos de naciones pertenecientes a diferentes civilizaciones. El choque de civilizaciones dominar\u00e1 la pol\u00edtica global.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Interviene el segundo: Si hay un punto de acuerdo sobre el 11 de septiembre, es que a partir de ese d\u00eda el mundo cambi\u00f3. \u00bfQu\u00e9 forma est\u00e1 adquiriendo?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u00bfEstamos asistiendo realmente a un choque de civilizaciones?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u00bfC\u00f3mo puede buscarse el di\u00e1logo intercultural?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Interviene el tercero: Hungtinton enumera las l\u00edneas de fractura entre las civilizaciones, que son de car\u00e1cter esencialmente religioso:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">La primera fractura ser\u00eda la que comprende la cristiandad occidental, a la que pertenecen Europa y Norteam\u00e9rica. Hungtinton excluye a latinoam\u00e9rica y a la Uni\u00f3n sovi\u00e9tica porque dice que si pertenecen o no a esta fractura, eso se ver\u00e1 en el futuro. Por consiguiente, podr\u00eda decirse que esas dos civilizaciones podr\u00edan unirse a la \u00abCristiandad occidental\u00bb. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">La cristiandad ortodoxa de Europa oriental y Rusia. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">El mundo isl\u00e1mico de Oriente Pr\u00f3ximo, norte de \u00c1frica, Malasia e Indonesia. Son pa\u00edses que en la Guerra Fr\u00eda optaron por el marxismo-leninismo o por la integraci\u00f3n en los pa\u00edses no alineados. Sin embargo, han encontrado su identidad en el Islam.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">La civilizaci\u00f3n hebrea, la di\u00e1spora. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">La civilizaci\u00f3n hind\u00fa, centrada en la India. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">La civilizaci\u00f3n s\u00ednica de China, Taiw\u00e1n, di\u00e1spora china en Asia, Pac\u00edfico y Occidente, y de Vietnam y Singapur. Esta civilizaci\u00f3n recupera el estilo de vida confucionista del siglo VI a.C.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">La civilizaci\u00f3n africana subsahariana. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">La civilizaci\u00f3n budista del norte de India, de Nepal, Mongolia, Birmania, But\u00e1n, Tailandia, Camboya, Laos y T\u00edbet. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: large;\">La civilizaci\u00f3n nipona, formada a partir de China pero con tradiciones y valores destacablemente diferentes<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Intervienn el cuarto: \u00bb <em>Huntington comenta que \u00a1 el problema subyacente para Occidente no es el fundamentalismo isl\u00e1mico. Es el Islam, una civilizaci\u00f3n diferente cuya gente est\u00e1 convencida de la superioridad de su cultura y est\u00e1 obsesionada con la inferioridad de su poder\u00bb<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Interviene el quinto: vamos a citar las opiniones de algunos de los expertos en este tema del conflicto de las civilizaciones y despu\u00e9s entramos a fondo en el coloquio\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Seg\u00fan <strong>Bernard Lewis<\/strong> en \u00ab<em>Las ra\u00edces de la ira musulmana<\/em>\u00bb 1990:<em> <\/em>el movimiento hoy llamado fundamentalista no es la \u00fanica tradici\u00f3n isl\u00e1mica. Hay otras, m\u00e1s tolerantes, m\u00e1s abiertas\u00a0 y podemos tener esperanzas de que esas otras tradiciones prevalecer\u00e1n con el tiempo.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Mientras en el cristianismo hay una separaci\u00f3n de la religi\u00f3n y la pol\u00edtica (\u00aba C\u00e9sar lo que es de C\u00e9sar&#8230;\u00bb), en el Islam \u00abla lucha del bien y el mal adquiri\u00f3 muy pronto dimensiones pol\u00edticas e incluso militares\u00bb. La humanidad quedaba dividida en fieles e<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">infieles, a quienes los musulmanes deb\u00edan traer al Islam.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Giovanni Sartori<\/strong>: Debido a la constante inmigraci\u00f3n de musulmanes a Europa y Estados Unidos, las relaciones de \u00e9stos con el mundo isl\u00e1mico ya no est\u00e1n limitadas a los v\u00ednculos entre pa\u00edses.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">En su \u00faltimo libro, <em>La sociedad multi\u00e9tnica<\/em>, 2001, sostiene la pol\u00e9mica tesis de que los inmigrantes de otras culturas que no est\u00e1n dispuestos a integrarse a la sociedad que los recibe no deber\u00edan acceder f\u00e1cilmente a los derechos de ciudadan\u00eda.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Sartori defiende una sociedad pluralista, basada en la tolerancia, el consenso y la integraci\u00f3n dentro de la diversidad, pero se opone al multiculturalismo, pues entiende que \u00e9ste defiende una sociedad en la que las culturas minoritarias coexisten sin interrelacionarse: cuando esas subculturas rechazan el pluralismo, la sociedad abierta se pone en riesgo a s\u00ed misma.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Gilles Kepel<\/strong>, es considerado uno de los principales expertos en el movimiento islamista. El autor de <em>La revancha de Dios.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">En su \u00faltimo libro, <em>La Yihad. Expansi\u00f3n y declive del islamismo<\/em>, 2001, sostiene que el movimiento se ha fracturado, ha perdido su atractivo y entr\u00f3 ya en una fase de retroceso.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Muy pronto Huntington vino a contradecir la idea del \u00abfin de la historia\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Plante\u00f3 que el mundo del siglo XXI ser\u00eda mucho m\u00e1s multipolar de lo que<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">algunos pensaban. Otras civilizaciones no s\u00f3lo hab\u00edan dejado de sentirse inferiores a Occidente. Con su creciente poder econ\u00f3mico, militar y demogr\u00e1fico, empezaban a sentirse seguras de la superioridad de su cultura. En particular, surg\u00eda China como la civilizaci\u00f3n capaz de desplazar a EEUU, en el lapso de algunas d\u00e9cadas, como la potencia hegem\u00f3nica.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&#8211; Dec\u00eda Huntington en <em>El choque de civilizaciones<\/em>: \u00abSi el desarrollo econ\u00f3mico chino contin\u00faa durante otra d\u00e9cada, cosa que parece posible, y si China mantiene su unidad durante el periodo sucesorio, cosa que parece probable, los pa\u00edses del este asi\u00e1tico y el mundo tendr\u00e1n que reaccionar ante el papel cada vez m\u00e1s seguro de s\u00ed mismo de este actor, el m\u00e1s grande en la historia humana\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Interviene el moderador: Son muchas las ideas y opiniones recogidas hoy, vamos a meditarlas despacio y las analizaremos en las pr\u00f3ximas tertulias .<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u00a0&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/12\/image00118.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-10069\" title=\"image001\" src=\"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/12\/image00118.jpg\" alt=\"image001\" width=\"798\" height=\"567\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/12\/image00118.jpg 798w, http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/12\/image00118-300x213.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 798px) 100vw, 798px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: large;\">&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><strong>The clash of civilizations<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><br \/>\nCome to the gathering of University College<\/p>\n<p>Involved the moderator: The Clash of Civilizations is a controversial theory about international relations. As is known today, was made in an article by Samuel Huntington (Professor, University of Eaton) published in the American journal Foreign Affairs in 1993 and subsequently transformed into a book in 1996.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">The theory of clash of civilizations, explains the great political and cultural movements of world history through the reciprocal influences they exert on each other the various civilizations (as opposed to those due to confrontations between nation-states or ideologies). Civilization: In this context, a culture more or less closed and a cultural tradition more or less tight and waterproof, which is therefore in opposition to other cultures with different traditions.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Spoke first: The central thesis of Samuel Huntington&#8217;s book is that! World politics is entering a new phase in which the fundamental source of conflict is not ideological or economic, the great divisions of mankind and the main source of conflict will be cultural, between nations and groups of different civilizations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">The nation-states will remain the most powerful of the international scene, but the main conflicts in the global policy occur between nations and groups of nations belonging to different civilizations. The clash of civilizations dominate global politics<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">The second: If there is a point of agreement on the September 11, is that from that day the world changed. What form is acquiring? What we are witnessing really a clash of civilizations? How can be sought intercultural dialog?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">The third: Hungtinton lists the fracture lines between civilizations, which are essentially religious:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">.<br \/>\n\u2022 The first fracture would be involving Western Christianity, they belong to Europe and North America. Huntington excluding Latin America and the Soviet Union because he says they belong or not to this fracture, it will in the future. Consequently, one might say that these two civilizations could join the \u00abWestern Christianity. \u00bb<br \/>\n\u2022 Orthodox Christianity in Eastern Europe and Russia.<br \/>\n\u2022 The Islamic world of the Middle East, North Africa, Malaysia and Indonesia. These are countries that chose the Cold War Marxism-Leninism or integration into the non-aligned. However, they have found their identity in Islam.<br \/>\n\u2022 The Hebrew civilization, the diaspora.<br \/>\n\u2022 The Indian civilization, centered in India.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u2022 Civilization Sinica, China, Taiwan, Chinese diaspora in Asia, Pacific and West, and Vietnam and Singapore. This civilization recovers the lifestyle of the sixth century BC Confucian<br \/>\n\u2022 The sub-Saharan African civilization.<br \/>\n\u2022 Buddhist civilization of northern India, Nepal, Mongolia, Burma, Bhutan, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Tibet.<br \/>\n\u2022 Japan&#8217;s civilization, formed from China but with remarkably different traditions and values<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Spoke the fourth, \u00abHuntington said that the underlying problem for the West is not Islamic fundamentalism. Is Islam, a different civilization whose people are convinced of the superiority of their culture and are obsessed with the inferiority of their power\u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">The fifth: we are going to cite the views of some of the experts on this issue of conflict of civilizations and then went to fund at the symposium&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">By Bernard Lewis in \u00abThe roots of the ira muslim\u00bb 1990: the movement today called fundamentalist is not the only Islamic tradition. There are other, more tolerant, more open and we hope that these other traditions prevail over time<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">While in christianity there is a separation of religion and politics (\u00abto Caesar what is of C\u00e9sar &#8230;\u00bb), in Islam \u00abthe struggle of good and evil acquired very soon political dimensions and even military\u00bb. The humanity was divided into faithful and unfaithful , whom the Muslims they had to bring to Islam.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Giovanni Sartori: Due to the constant immigration of Muslims in Europe and the United States, relations with the Islamic world no longer are limited to the links between countries.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">In his latest book, The multiethnic society, 2001, maintains the controversial thesis that immigrants from other cultures that are not willing to join the receiving society should not be easy access to the rights of citizenship<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Sartori argues for a pluralist society based on tolerance, consensus and inclusion within diversity, but is opposed to multiculturalism, he understands that it advocates a society in which minority cultures coexist without communicating: when these subcultures reject pluralism , open society is endangered itself<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Gilles Kepel, is considered one of the leading experts in the Islamist movement. The author of the revenge of God. In his latest book, The Jihad. Expansion and decline of Islam, 2001, argues that the movement has fractured, has lost its appeal and entered already in In a phase of setback.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Huntington soon came to contradict the idea of \u00abend of history. \u00bb<br \/>\nHe said that the twenty-first century world would be much more multipolar than<br \/>\nsome thought. Other civilizations had not only stopped feeling inferior to the West. With its growing economic, military and population, began to feel confident of the superiority of their culture. In particular, China emerged as a civilization capable of moving to the U.S., in the span of a few decades, as the hegemonic power.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Said Huntington in The Clash of Civilizations: \u00abIf China&#8217;s economic development continues for another decade, which seems possible, and if China maintains its unity during the period of succession, which seems likely, the countries of East Asia and the world will to react to the increasing role confident of this actor, the largest in human history.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">. The moderator: There are many ideas and opinions collected today, we are going to meditarlas slowly and look at the forthcoming tertulias .Escuchar<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tweet\u00a0 \u00a0 &#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.. El choque de las civilizaciones Vamos a la tertulia del University College \u00a0 Interviene el moderador: El choque de civilizaciones es una controvertida teor\u00eda acerca de las relaciones internacionales. Tal como se conoce hoy en d\u00eda, fue formulada en un art\u00edculo de Samuel Huntington (profesor de la Universidad de Eaton) publicado en [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10066","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-flora"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10066","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10066"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10066\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10072,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10066\/revisions\/10072"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10066"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10066"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.floracantabrica.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10066"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}